See robustify on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₁rewdʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁rewdʰ-#Proto-Indo-European:_red"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_thematic"
],
[
"*-ós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ós#Proto-Indo-European:_possessive"
],
[
"*-ós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ós#Proto-Indo-European:_o-grade"
],
[
"*h₁rowdʰós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁rowdʰós#Proto-Indo-European:_red"
],
[
"*rouðos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/rouðos"
],
[
"rōbus",
"robus#Latin:_red"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tos#Proto-Italic:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"-tus",
"-tus#Latin:_adjective"
],
[
"rōbustus",
"robustus#Latin"
],
[
"robust",
"robust#English"
],
[
"-i-",
"-i-#Latin"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*-fakos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-fakos"
],
[
"-ficus",
"-ficus#Latin"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
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],
[
"*-eh₂yéti",
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],
[
"*-h₂ti",
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],
[
"*-āō",
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],
[
"-ō",
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
"-ifier",
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
"robust",
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],
[
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]
],
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\"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁rowdʰós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*rouðos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"rōbus\", \"gloss\" : \"a kind of hard oak; hardness, strength\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"rōbustus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"robust\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"-ificāre\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-i-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"connecting vowel\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"-ify\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*θakos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-fakos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ficus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ficō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ificō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ifier\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ifien\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ify\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"robustify\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"robustify\">\nFrom robust + -ify.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "robust",
"4": "-ify",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nUmbrianbor.?\nProto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós\nProto-Italic *rouðosder.?\nLatin rōbus\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nLatin rōbustuslbor.\nEnglish robust\nLatin -i-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *θakos\nProto-Italic *-fakos\nLatin -ficus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -ficō\nLatin -ificāreder.\nOld French -ifierbor.\nMiddle English -ifien\nEnglish -ify\nEnglish robustify\nFrom robust + -ify.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nUmbrianbor.?\nProto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós\nProto-Italic *rouðosder.?\nLatin rōbus\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nLatin rōbustuslbor.\nEnglish robust\nLatin -i-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *θakos\nProto-Italic *-fakos\nLatin -ficus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -ficō\nLatin -ificāreder.\nOld French -ifierbor.\nMiddle English -ifien\nEnglish -ify\nEnglish robustify\nFrom robust + -ify.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "robustifies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "robustifying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "robustified",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "robustified",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "robustify (third-person singular simple present robustifies, present participle robustifying, simple past and past participle robustified)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
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{
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"parents": [],
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{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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{
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{
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"parents": [],
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{
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},
{
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"orig": "en:Software",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Statistics",
"orig": "en:Statistics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "robustification"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
38,
47
]
],
"text": "The UI looks nice, but you'll need to robustify it before it goes into production.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
12
]
],
"ref": "2024, Barbara Rossi, “Recent developments in forecast evaluation”, in Michael P. Clements, Ana Beatriz Galvão, editors, Handbook of Research Methods and Applications in Macroeconomic Forecasting, Edward Elgar, page 294 of 274-304:",
"text": "To robustify the Mincer and Zarnowitz (1969) test against instabilities, Rossi and Sekhposyan (2016) propose a fluctuation test constructed over rolling windows[.]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make robust, especially (software, statistics) to make more tolerant of unexpected events."
],
"id": "en-robustify-en-verb-UvDCuXgt",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"robust",
"robust"
],
[
"especially",
"especially"
],
[
"software",
"software"
],
[
"statistics",
"statistics"
],
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"tolerant",
"tolerant"
],
[
"unexpected",
"unexpected"
],
[
"event",
"event"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "robusticize"
},
{
"word": "robustize"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-robustify.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-robustify.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-robustify.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
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]
}
],
"word": "robustify"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "robustification"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₁rewdʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁rewdʰ-#Proto-Indo-European:_red"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_thematic"
],
[
"*-ós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ós#Proto-Indo-European:_possessive"
],
[
"*-ós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ós#Proto-Indo-European:_o-grade"
],
[
"*h₁rowdʰós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁rowdʰós#Proto-Indo-European:_red"
],
[
"*rouðos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/rouðos"
],
[
"rōbus",
"robus#Latin:_red"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tos#Proto-Italic:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"-tus",
"-tus#Latin:_adjective"
],
[
"rōbustus",
"robustus#Latin"
],
[
"robust",
"robust#English"
],
[
"-i-",
"-i-#Latin"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*-fakos",
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],
[
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"-ficus#Latin"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
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],
[
"*-h₂ti",
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],
[
"*-āō",
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],
[
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"-o#Latin:_denominative"
],
[
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"-fico#Latin"
],
[
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"-ifico#Latin"
],
[
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],
[
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"-ifien#Middle_English"
],
[
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],
[
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[
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"3": "robust",
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"tree": "1"
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nUmbrianbor.?\nProto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós\nProto-Italic *rouðosder.?\nLatin rōbus\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nLatin rōbustuslbor.\nEnglish robust\nLatin -i-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *θakos\nProto-Italic *-fakos\nLatin -ficus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -ficō\nLatin -ificāreder.\nOld French -ifierbor.\nMiddle English -ifien\nEnglish -ify\nEnglish robustify\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"red\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"Umbrian\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"xum\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"red\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"red\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁rewdʰ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"possessive\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁rowdʰós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*rouðos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"rōbus\", \"gloss\" : \"a kind of hard oak; hardness, strength\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"rōbustus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"robust\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"-ificāre\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-i-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"connecting vowel\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"-ify\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*θakos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-fakos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ficus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ficō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ificō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ifier\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ifien\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ify\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"robustify\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"robustify\">\nFrom robust + -ify.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "robust",
"4": "-ify",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nUmbrianbor.?\nProto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós\nProto-Italic *rouðosder.?\nLatin rōbus\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nLatin rōbustuslbor.\nEnglish robust\nLatin -i-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *θakos\nProto-Italic *-fakos\nLatin -ficus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -ficō\nLatin -ificāreder.\nOld French -ifierbor.\nMiddle English -ifien\nEnglish -ify\nEnglish robustify\nFrom robust + -ify.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nUmbrianbor.?\nProto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós\nProto-Italic *rouðosder.?\nLatin rōbus\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tus\nLatin rōbustuslbor.\nEnglish robust\nLatin -i-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *θakos\nProto-Italic *-fakos\nLatin -ficus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -ficō\nLatin -ificāreder.\nOld French -ifierbor.\nMiddle English -ifien\nEnglish -ify\nEnglish robustify\nFrom robust + -ify.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "robustifies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "robustifying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "robustified",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "robustified",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "robustify (third-person singular simple present robustifies, present participle robustifying, simple past and past participle robustified)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁rewdʰ-",
"English terms suffixed with -ify",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English verbs",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"en:Software",
"en:Statistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
38,
47
]
],
"text": "The UI looks nice, but you'll need to robustify it before it goes into production.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
12
]
],
"ref": "2024, Barbara Rossi, “Recent developments in forecast evaluation”, in Michael P. Clements, Ana Beatriz Galvão, editors, Handbook of Research Methods and Applications in Macroeconomic Forecasting, Edward Elgar, page 294 of 274-304:",
"text": "To robustify the Mincer and Zarnowitz (1969) test against instabilities, Rossi and Sekhposyan (2016) propose a fluctuation test constructed over rolling windows[.]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make robust, especially (software, statistics) to make more tolerant of unexpected events."
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"robust",
"robust"
],
[
"especially",
"especially"
],
[
"software",
"software"
],
[
"statistics",
"statistics"
],
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"tolerant",
"tolerant"
],
[
"unexpected",
"unexpected"
],
[
"event",
"event"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-robustify.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-robustify.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-robustify.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-robustify.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-robustify.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "robusticize"
},
{
"word": "robustize"
}
],
"word": "robustify"
}
Download raw JSONL data for robustify meaning in All languages combined (13.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.